/* ============================================================
   Carthage — Industry Insights blog
   Self-contained theme (no build step). Matches carthage.co.za.
   ============================================================ */

@font-face { font-family:'DM Sans'; font-style:normal; font-weight:400; font-display:swap; src:url('/assets/fonts/dm-sans-400.woff2') format('woff2'); }
@font-face { font-family:'DM Sans'; font-style:normal; font-weight:500; font-display:swap; src:url('/assets/fonts/dm-sans-500.woff2') format('woff2'); }
@font-face { font-family:'DM Sans'; font-style:normal; font-weight:700; font-display:swap; src:url('/assets/fonts/dm-sans-700.woff2') format('woff2'); }
@font-face { font-family:'DM Sans'; font-style:normal; font-weight:800; font-display:swap; src:url('/assets/fonts/dm-sans-800.woff2') format('woff2'); }

:root{
  --bg:#0a0a0a;
  --bg-soft:#0e0e0e;
  --bg-card:#121212;
  --line:#27272a;
  --line-soft:#1f1f22;
  --text:#f4f4f5;
  --text-mut:#a1a1aa;
  --text-dim:#71717a;
  --red:#E63329;
  --chrome:#d4d4cf;
  --maxw:1180px;
  --readw:760px;
}

*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
body{
  margin:0;background:var(--bg);color:var(--text);
  font-family:'DM Sans','Segoe UI',system-ui,sans-serif;
  font-size:17px;line-height:1.7;letter-spacing:-0.003em;
  -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;
}
img{max-width:100%;display:block}
a{color:inherit}
::selection{background:rgba(230,51,41,.3);color:#fff}
::-webkit-scrollbar{width:5px}
::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:var(--bg)}
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:#333;border-radius:3px}
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover{background:var(--red)}

.wrap{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 20px}
@media(min-width:768px){.wrap{padding:0 40px}}

/* ---------- top bar (matches site chrome) ---------- */
.nav{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:50;background:var(--chrome);border-bottom:1px solid rgba(63,63,70,.25)}
.nav .row{max-width:1280px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 20px;height:72px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}
@media(min-width:768px){.nav .row{padding:0 40px}}
.nav .logo img{height:40px;width:auto}
@media(min-width:768px){.nav .logo img{height:52px}}
.nav .links{display:none;gap:2px;align-items:center}
@media(min-width:900px){.nav .links{display:flex}}
.nav .links a{padding:8px 14px;font-size:13px;letter-spacing:.01em;color:#3f3f46;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;transition:color .15s}
.nav .links a:hover{color:#18181b}
.nav .links a.active{color:var(--red)}
.nav .cta{background:var(--red);color:#fff;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:5px;text-decoration:none;transition:filter .15s}
.nav .cta:hover{filter:brightness(1.08)}

/* ---------- generic section bits ---------- */
.eyebrow{display:inline-block;font-size:11px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.25em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--red);margin:0 0 14px}
.muted{color:var(--text-mut)}

/* ---------- INDEX: hero ---------- */
.idx-hero{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft);padding:90px 0 56px;background:
  radial-gradient(1100px 380px at 50% -10%, rgba(230,51,41,.08), transparent 70%),var(--bg)}
.idx-hero h1{font-size:clamp(34px,6vw,58px);line-height:1.04;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:0 0 18px}
.idx-hero p{max-width:620px;font-size:clamp(16px,2.4vw,19px);color:var(--text-mut);margin:0}

/* ---------- INDEX: article list ---------- */
.list{padding:48px 0 80px}
.cards{display:grid;gap:22px;grid-template-columns:1fr}
@media(min-width:680px){.cards{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}
@media(min-width:1000px){.cards{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr}}

.card{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:var(--bg-card);border:1px solid var(--line-soft);border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;transition:border-color .18s,transform .18s}
.card:hover{border-color:#3a3a3f;transform:translateY(-3px)}
.card.soon{opacity:.62;pointer-events:none}
.thumb{aspect-ratio:16/10;position:relative;overflow:hidden}
.thumb img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;display:block}
.card .body{padding:20px 20px 22px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1}
.chip{display:inline-block;align-self:flex-start;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.13em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--text-mut);border:1px solid var(--line);padding:4px 9px;border-radius:999px;margin-bottom:12px}
.card h2{font-size:19px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-.01em;margin:0 0 9px}
.card .ex{font-size:14.5px;color:var(--text-mut);margin:0 0 16px;flex:1}
.meta{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--text-dim);display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center}
.meta .dot{width:3px;height:3px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--text-dim)}

/* feature (pillar) card spans full width on wide screens */
@media(min-width:1000px){.card.feature{grid-column:1 / -1;flex-direction:row}
  .card.feature .thumb{aspect-ratio:auto;width:46%;min-height:280px}
  .card.feature .body{justify-content:center;padding:40px}
  .card.feature h2{font-size:30px;line-height:1.15;margin-bottom:14px}
  .card.feature .ex{font-size:16px;max-width:46ch}
}

/* ---------- generated-style hero gradients (branded, no stock photo) ---------- */
.gfx{position:absolute;inset:0;background:#0c0c0c}
.gfx::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;opacity:.5;
  background:radial-gradient(120% 120% at 18% 12%, var(--g1), transparent 55%),
             radial-gradient(120% 120% at 88% 86%, var(--g2), transparent 55%)}
.gfx::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;opacity:.06;
  background-image:radial-gradient(circle at 1px 1px,#fff 1px,transparent 0);background-size:22px 22px}
.gfx .grid-lines{position:absolute;inset:0;opacity:.10;
  background-image:linear-gradient(#fff 1px,transparent 0),linear-gradient(90deg,#fff 1px,transparent 0);
  background-size:64px 64px;-webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(180deg,transparent,#000 40%,#000 60%,transparent)}
.g-strat{--g1:rgba(230,51,41,.55);--g2:rgba(120,120,130,.4)}
.g-tech {--g1:rgba(56,132,255,.45);--g2:rgba(230,51,41,.35)}
.g-sport{--g1:rgba(34,197,94,.42);--g2:rgba(230,51,41,.40)}
.g-racing{--g1:rgba(245,158,11,.48);--g2:rgba(230,51,41,.38)}
.g-numbers{--g1:rgba(168,85,247,.45);--g2:rgba(245,158,11,.35)}
.g-ops{--g1:rgba(20,184,166,.42);--g2:rgba(99,102,241,.38)}
.g-market{--g1:rgba(230,51,41,.5);--g2:rgba(63,63,70,.5)}
.g-compliance{--g1:rgba(148,163,184,.45);--g2:rgba(34,197,94,.3)}
.gfx .tag{position:absolute;left:18px;bottom:16px;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72)}

/* ============================================================
   ARTICLE
   ============================================================ */
.article{padding:34px 0 20px}
.breadcrumb{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:22px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;align-items:center}
.breadcrumb a{color:var(--text-dim);text-decoration:none}
.breadcrumb a:hover{color:var(--text-mut)}
.breadcrumb .sep{opacity:.5}

.art-head{max-width:var(--readw);margin:0 auto}
.art-head h1{font-size:clamp(30px,5vw,46px);line-height:1.1;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:6px 0 18px}
.art-meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;align-items:center;font-size:13.5px;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:8px}
.art-meta .who{color:var(--text-mut);font-weight:500}
.art-hero{margin:30px auto 0;max-width:var(--maxw);aspect-ratio:16/7;position:relative;border-radius:14px;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid var(--line-soft)}
.art-hero img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;display:block}

.lede{max-width:var(--readw);margin:30px auto 0;font-size:20px;line-height:1.6;color:#d4d4d8}

/* table of contents */
.toc{max-width:var(--readw);margin:30px auto 0;background:var(--bg-soft);border:1px solid var(--line-soft);border-radius:12px;padding:20px 24px}
.toc h2{font-size:11px!important;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--text-dim);margin:0 0 12px!important;border:0!important;padding:0!important}
.toc ol{margin:0;padding-left:20px;display:grid;gap:7px}
.toc a{color:var(--text-mut);text-decoration:none;font-size:14.5px}
.toc a:hover{color:var(--red)}

/* body copy */
.prose{max-width:var(--readw);margin:0 auto}
.prose h2{font-size:clamp(23px,3.6vw,30px);line-height:1.2;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:48px 0 16px;padding-top:14px;border-top:1px solid var(--line-soft)}
.prose h3{font-size:20px;font-weight:700;margin:30px 0 10px}
.prose p{margin:0 0 18px;color:#d8d8dc}
.prose ul,.prose ol{margin:0 0 18px;padding-left:22px;color:#d8d8dc}
.prose li{margin:0 0 9px}
.prose strong{color:#fff;font-weight:700}
.prose a{color:var(--red);text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(230,51,41,.35)}
.prose a:hover{border-bottom-color:var(--red)}
.prose blockquote{margin:26px 0;padding:4px 0 4px 22px;border-left:3px solid var(--red);color:#e4e4e7;font-size:18.5px;font-style:italic}
.prose .keytake{background:var(--bg-soft);border:1px solid var(--line-soft);border-radius:12px;padding:22px 24px;margin:30px 0}
.prose .keytake h3{margin-top:0}

/* FAQ */
.faq{max-width:var(--readw);margin:46px auto 0}
.faq h2{font-size:clamp(23px,3.6vw,30px);font-weight:700;margin:0 0 18px;padding-top:14px;border-top:1px solid var(--line-soft)}
.faq details{border:1px solid var(--line-soft);border-radius:10px;padding:4px 18px;margin-bottom:12px;background:var(--bg-card)}
.faq summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:600;padding:14px 0;list-style:none;font-size:16.5px}
.faq summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.faq summary::after{content:"+";float:right;color:var(--red);font-weight:700}
.faq details[open] summary::after{content:"\2013"}
.faq details p{margin:0 0 16px;color:var(--text-mut);font-size:15.5px}

/* CTA band */
.ctaband{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:56px auto 0;border-radius:16px;padding:44px 32px;text-align:center;
  background:radial-gradient(700px 240px at 50% 0%,rgba(230,51,41,.14),transparent 70%),var(--bg-soft);
  border:1px solid var(--line-soft)}
.ctaband h2{font-size:clamp(22px,3.4vw,30px);font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.01em;margin:0 0 10px}
.ctaband p{color:var(--text-mut);margin:0 auto 22px;max-width:48ch}
.btn{display:inline-block;background:var(--red);color:#fff;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.13em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:14px 26px;border-radius:6px;text-decoration:none;transition:filter .15s}
.btn:hover{filter:brightness(1.08)}

/* related */
.related{padding:64px 0 30px}
.related h2{font-size:13px;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--text-dim);margin:0 0 22px;text-align:center}

/* ---------- footer (matches site chrome) ---------- */
.foot{background:var(--chrome);border-top:1px solid rgba(63,63,70,.25);color:#3f3f46;margin-top:70px}
.foot .row{max-width:1280px;margin:0 auto;padding:48px 20px 30px;display:grid;gap:34px;grid-template-columns:1fr}
@media(min-width:768px){.foot .row{padding:54px 40px 34px;grid-template-columns:2fr 1fr 1fr}}
.foot img{height:28px;margin-bottom:14px}
.foot p{font-size:14px;color:#52525b;margin:0;max-width:34ch}
.foot h4{font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#3f3f46;margin:0 0 14px}
.foot a{display:block;color:#52525b;text-decoration:none;font-size:14px;margin-bottom:10px}
.foot a:hover{color:#18181b}
.foot .bottom{max-width:1280px;margin:0 auto;padding:18px 20px 30px;border-top:1px solid rgba(63,63,70,.2);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;justify-content:space-between;font-size:12px;color:#71717a}
@media(min-width:768px){.foot .bottom{padding:18px 40px 34px}}